The flotac technique shows a higher sensitivity for the diagnosis of lightintensity soiltransmitted helminth infections but is reported to be more complex and expensive. Who basic laboratory methods in human parasitology. Mean value of the sensitivity and specificity of kato katz stool examination technique for one, two or three stool samples collected from study participants living in 50 rice farming villages of the province of samar, the philippines. A total of 245 participants were selected using systematic random sampling. Parasitological diagnosis laura rinaldi and giuseppe.
Now available for field use wednesday, october 12, 2016 sterlitech, an industry leader in unique micro and submicron filtration products, announced today that its katokatz technique diagnostic kit is now available for immediate use in the field. Praziquantel is an effective drug for the treatment of. Estimating sensitivity of the katokatz technique for the. In addition, for field surveys and investigational purposes, the egg output can be quantified by using the kato katz technique 20 to 50 mg of fecal material. Sensitivity of the kato katz technique using combined gold standard.
The kato katz technique is commonly employed in field surveys due to the relative ease of operation and the possibility to quantify infection. A stool specimen was collected from each participant and examined for s. Evaluation of microscopical and serological techniques in. Diagnostic performance of kato katz technique and pointof. Introduction smear procedure in that a larger amount of fecal sample is employed and cellophane in 1954, kato and miura were the first to strips are used as cover slips instead of glass.
We assessed the comparability of the average amount of faeces generated by three kato katz templates included in test kits from two different providers. In cases of extremely light infection fe was found to be more sensitive than kk. Urine tests visual haematuria, reagent strip and filtration urine. The kato katz technique is recommended for the diagnosis of helminth infections in epidemiological surveys, drug efficacy studies and monitoring of control interventions. Place a small amount of faecal material on the newspaper or the glazed tile. Mar 31, 2011 this video demonstrates both the sedimentation formolether and flotation zinc sulfate methods of stool feces concentration. The kato katz technique, despite its known limitations, is routinely used and remains the standard diagnostic technique for schistosomiasis. Easy to use fieldbased test kit for the kato katz technique in a lightweight and portable box. Numerical investigation of the sternoclavicular joint. A special thanks to collins ngundi for taking me through this procedure. The kato technique also called the kato katz technique is a laboratory method for preparing human stool samples prior to searching for parasite eggs. Comparison of the direct faecal smear and two thick smear.
Simple fecal flotation is a superior alternative to guadruple. The kato katz technique is relatively simple and inexpensive and sufficiently sensitive to detect moderate and heavy s. Where the prevalence of sth is technique makes it less appropriate, and more sensitive tools should be used. Detection of hookworm eggs in human feces can be done by the kato katz technique kk, sodium nitrate flotation technique snf or pcr. Baseline infection intensities obtained with kato katz through different sampling efforts ranged from 2,229 first kato katz thick smear to 3,390 gm epg six kato katz thick smears. Principle, procedure and results may 24, 2016 acharya tankeshwar 9 kato katz technique is used for qualitative and semiquantitative diagnosis of intestinal helminthic infestations. The katokatz method is reliable for diagnosis of clonorchis. Usefulness of katokatz and trichrome staining as diagnostic. The present crosssectional survey compared the diagnostic performance of the kk technique and the poccca test in. The aim of this study was to evaluate the operational characteristics sensitivity and negative predictive value npv of wet mount, formolether concentration fec, and kato katz techniques for the determination of intestinal parasitic infections. Comparison of the katokatz and flotac techniques for the. Indirect measure of worm burden in soiltransmitted helminthiases.
Gloves in kato katz technique for helminth eggs use gloves 2. Research open access comparative cost assessment of the. Author summary hookworm infection is widespread in resourcepoor countries worldwide. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of the kato katz method and the formalinether concentration technique fect for c. Kato katz technique procedure kato katz technique preparation of solutions haradamori technique available soon. We compared the accuracy of the kato katz method and etherconcentration technique for the diagnosis of soiltransmitted helminth infections. Comparison of the flotac400 dual technique and the formalin. Objectives of the training at the end of the training course, the learners should be able to. Increased detection of schistosomiasis with katokatz and swap. The present study, therefore, was conducted to compare the accuracy of flotac and kato katz for estimating the prevalence and intensity of soiltransmitted helminth infections among schoolchildren in ziway area, ethiopia, where lowintensity soiltransmitted helminth infections are common. Faecal egg count fec techniques are considered relatively straightforward and.
Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to relate. Using a spatula, scrape the sieved faecal material through the screen so that only the debris remains. The kato katz technique is the most widely used diagnostic method in epidemiologic surveys and drug efficacy trials pertaining to intestinal schistosomiasis and soiltransmitted helminthiasis. Kato katz technique is used for qualitative and semiquantitative diagnosis of intestinal helminthic infestations. Out of 214 schoolchildren enrolled, 45 21% were found to be positive for infections using kato katz technique. In 1954, kato and miura introduced a thicksmear technique for fecal examination 3. Pdf comparison of the thick smear and katokatz techniques. The kato technique is now most commonly used for detecting schistosome eggs. For the love of physics walter lewin may 16, 2011 duration. Nine hundred kato katz thick smear preparations were done.
Each kit includes materials to conduct 500 sample tests according to the current who standard of fecal sample sizes of 41. Since we did not find any significant differences p 0. Where the prevalence of sth is kato katz technique procedure kato katz technique preparation of solutions haradamori technique available soon. The kato katz thick smear technique, recommended by who, is the most widely used laboratory method to quantitatively assess both infection prevalence and infection intensity of sths. Two hundred four infected participants were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel 40 mgkg. The present crosssectional survey compared the diagnostic performance of the kk technique and the poccca test in diagnosing. We evaluated the sensitivity of three fecal examination methods, the kato katz kk method, formalinether technique fe and direct smear, for the diagnosis of clonorchiasis. The procedure was also tested on specimens obtained from outbreaks that occurred in. The technique is highly sensitive in areas with high. Who has recommended kato katz technique in areas with moderate to high transmission. A total of 354 faecal specimens were collected from students in northwest ethiopia and screened with kato katz, wet mount. Simple fecal flotation is a superior alternative to. It has in the past been used for other helminth eggs as well.
The kk technique is regarded as a gold standard for diagnosis 6. Comparison of the thick smear and kato katz techniques for diagnosis of intestinal helminth infections. The sensitivity of the thick smear technique was higher than that of the kato katz method for the diagnosis of all helminths except schistosoma mansoni. The kk method proved to be most sensitive in six groups with different egg counts. The diagnostic performance of the kato katz kk technique and the pointofcare circulating cathodic antigen poccca test in detecting s. In addition, the kk technique provides quantitative information on egg intensity as an indicator of host helminth burden 6. Compared to the kato katz method, the flotac is a more complicated technique, and hence requires better equipped laboratories 1820 and more extensive training of laboratory workers. Southeast asian j trop med public h ealth the potential usefulness of the modified kato thick smear technique in the detection of intestinal sarcocystosis during field surveys anchalee tungtrongchitr 1, chutamas chiworaporn 2, rungson praewanich 2, prayong radomyos 2 and john j boitano 3 1 department of parasitology, faculty of medicine siriraj hospital, mahidol university, bangkok. This study compared the efficiency of kato katz thick smear and thick smear techniques for the diagnosis of intestinal helminths.
Who has recommended kato katz technique in areas with moderate to high transmission rates of soil transmitted helminths i. The katokatz technique how the katokatz technique works in areas with moderate to high transmission rates of sthi. A crosssectional study on schistosomiasis and soil. Nov 23, 20 soiltransmitted helminth infections are a major public health problem. Table 1 shows that the total number of helminthic infections was 40. For hookworm the dependence on infection intensity is weak, e. Comparison of the katokatz method and etherconcentration. Increased detection of schistosomiasis with katokatz and. The kato katz technique how the kato katz technique works in areas with moderate to high transmission rates of sthi.
Faecal egg count fec techniques are considered relatively straightforward and protocols such as the kato katz technique and the etherbased concentration. The epg values are used as a proxy for infection intensity. Assessing stool quantities generated by three specific. Principle, procedure and results may 24, 2016 acharya tankeshwar 9. In terms of quantitative analysis, the geometric mean egg count was 94 eggs per gram epg of stool by two kato katz smears, and 43 epg by the sedimentation technique. Place a small amount of the faecal sample on a newspaper and press a piece of nylon screen on top. The sensitivity of the kato katz technique for different infection intensities was calculated using eq 4 and is plotted in fig 3. Of note, kato katz thick smears are usually examined for concurrent soiltransmitted helminth eggs. Gloves in katokatz technique for helminth eggs use gloves 2. Later multiply by the appropriate number see inletinformation of the kato set to give the number of the eggs per gram faeces. Compared to thick smear, the sensitivity of the kato katz method was 68. Press the screen on top so that some of the faeces filter though and scrape with the flat spatula across the upper surface to collect the filtered faeces, add the. Methods for the diagnosis of parasitic infections have stagnated in the past three decades.
All of them were detected by kato katz followed by the fec 70% and direct smear 32. Comparison of the thick smear and katokatz techniques for diagnosis of intestinal helminth infections. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the diagnostic parameters of the kk and simple snf in terms of detection and quantification of hookworm eggs, with pcr as an. Where the prevalence of sth is kato katz technique and the formalinether concentration technique fect. The kato katz technique is recommended by who for the diagnosis and quantification of schistosoma mansoni, other humanpathogenic schistosoma species e. Kato thick smear technique 0 free download as powerpoint presentation. Sterlitech, an industry leader in unique micro and submicron filtration products, announced today that its kato katz technique diagnostic kit is now available for immediate use in the field.
Take time the kato katz methods require between 1 to 2 hoursbefore the glycerin clears the background of the stoolsmear on the slide for accurate visualization of mosthelminth eggs the major problem of the technique isthat few hours after the preparation of the slidehookworm eggs are difficult to recognize due to overclarification by glycerin. The kato katz technique and auramine stain did not recover any other protozoan species, which were all partly recovered by trichrome stain, direct smear and fec methods. This method was adopted by who 8 for quantitative and qualitative diagnosis of intestinal infections caused by helminths such as ascaris lumbricoides, trichuris trichiura, hookworm and schistosoma mansoni, and has also been used. Aug 14, 2010 the kato katz technique is widely used for the diagnosis of soiltransmitted helminthiasis in epidemiological surveys and is believed to be an inexpensive method. Two stool samples were obtained from each participant and subjected to the kato katz technique for helminth diagnosis. To assess the efficacy of the kato katz technique and to reevaluate other routine procedures conducted in the microbiology clinical laboratory at sultan qaboos university hospital squh and to throw light on the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among a small group of food handlers in muscat. As the most commonly used method for schistosomiasis detection, its main strength is its extensive validation and familiarity all. Assessing stool quantities generated by three specific kato. Among 547 health centre patients in burundi, the diagnostic performance of a glass coverslip modification of the kato thick smear technique was compared with the combination of direct slide examination and the quick kato katz method, currently recommended in basic health services, for the diagnosis of intestinal parasitic infections.
Mc master technique preparation of solutions available soon. Indeed, the kato katz technique is widely used in epidemiological. Comparative cost assessment of the katokatz and flotac. Morbidity was assessed by clinical examination and abdominal ultrasonography. In relation to hiv1 serostatus, for the hiv1seronegative and seropositive groups, the sensitivities were 79. Comparison of the thick smear and katokatz techniques for. Procedure of katokatz technique label a glass slide with the sample number and then place a plastic template on top of it. The sensitivity of the kk technique using the combined gold standard was 74. Current diagnostic tools including the kato katz technique are thought to be sufficient for mapping disease distribution see appendix a.
The kit was developed in response to the unanimous difficulty among research. However, combined examination with the thick smear and kato katz techniques gave better results than when the thicksmear was used alone table 1. Soon thereafter, katz modified and adapted this technique for use in field studies 4. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of control and treatment efficacy is usually determined by microscopic examination of fecal samples. Beatrice barda 0 pamela cajal 0 eliana villagran 0 ruben cimino 0 marisa juarez 0 alejandro krolewiecki 0 laura rinaldi 0 giuseppe cringoli 0. Oct 29, 20 clonorchiasis is a chronic neglected disease caused by a liver fluke, clonorchis sinensis. However, the sensitivity of the technique is low, particularly for the detection of lightintensity helminth infections. An accurate diagnosis is important in order to identify individuals and communities in need of intervention, and for monitoring drug efficacy and potential emergence of resistance. Kato katz technique procedure for each stool sample two kk smears duplicate slides were prepared. Stool sample preparation and estimation of worm load using. At the pretreatment survey, 74 individuals were diagnosed with c. Comparison of the katokatz, wet mount, and formolether.
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